Man Can Not Live Without God - 1186 Words

J. Michael Carpenter AP English Duhram 8/7/16 Man Cannot Live Without God The question â€Å"Can man live without God?† is interesting because most people would argue that it depends on worldview. However through a careful analysis of The Scarlet Letter and Ravi Zacharias’ book Can Man Live Without God a definitive answer can be concluded. The depiction of God’s role in The Scarlet Letter, the antitheistic worldview described in Can Man Live Without God, and a look into how God affects life today will provide more than satisfactory information to conclude that man cannot live without God. The Scarlet Letter is a brilliant novel depicting the life of Hester Prynne after having an affair with a local reverend. Hester Prynne, at first ravenous and distraught in her jail cell, soon overcomes her situation by finding peace in her daughter Pearl. Even though the rest of the city has shunned her, Hester credits God for blessing her with a wonderful daughter from her sinful affair. However, every coin has two sides. Hester’s lover, and Pearl’s father, Rev. Dimmesdale finds himself in an increasingly worse situation. Dimmesdale, not having the same closure that Hester did in Pearl, begins to become filled with guilt and worry. This eventually leads to him developing a heart condition and unknowingly seeking treatment from Hester’s fiendish long lost husband, Roger Chillingworth. Chillingworth is hell-bent on tormenting Hester and her lover for betraying him. Even thoughShow MoreRelatedChristian Worldview Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesnothing that can be done to change that. The grace and base in this worldview comes from knowing that the God that created mankind has so much love for it that he sent his only son to die and bear the punishment in place of man so that man would be restored from sin and live an everlasting life with him. This paper will review God, humanity, Jesus, and what Jesus did that restored humanity from sin as outlined in the Christian worldview. God God is something special; without God, man would not existRead MoreThe Worldview And Implications Of The Bible995 Words   |  4 PagesA worldview is the overall structure that a human being can use to interpret the world and how it applies to their life individually. It is what people believe about the big questions in their lives; who are we, how did we get here, is God real and why are we here? In today’s modern world, there are many different views regarding the natural world, human identity, human relationships, and culture. This paper will focus on the worldview and implications of these topics based on the Bible, in particularRead MorePascal and HobbesTheories on Behavior and Motivation Essays1118 Words   |  5 Pageswretchedness of man, the importance of one single supreme being or ruler, and the effects of being prideful. In his journal, Pensees, Pascal argues that religion is necessary for human existence because it influences human’s natural behaviors and motivations. He articulates that without Jesus, we would never really know ourselves (Pascal 7). He writes that â€Å"†¦man without God is totally ignorant and inevitably wretched† (22). In other words, we would never know what is good and evil without having God, becauseRead MoreParadise Lost by John Milton828 Words   |  3 Pagesreader that Adam and Eve should be held most responsible for the fall of mankind, because God created them able to resist temptation yet free to make their own decisions. Man is at fault for their own fall because they were given the ability to make their own choices. God shows us this not only through Adam and Eve but also through Satan. He fell from heaven because they made choices. Satan can still make his own live back in heaven but he said â€Å"Better to reign in Hell, then to serve in heav’n (I,263)Read MoreChoruses from the Rock by T.S. Eliot Essay817 Words   |  4 Pagesreligion in favor of more secular worship. The following passage from Eliot’s poem can summarize his entire argument that he makes in Choruses from â€Å"The Rock†. But it seems that something has happened that has never happened before: though we know not just when, or why, or how, or where. Men have left GOD not for other gods, they say, but for no God; and this has never happened before that men both deny gods and worship gods, professing first Reason, And then Money, and Power, and what they call LifeRead MoreBiblical World View Essay949 Words   |  4 Pages19,20 Paul writes â€Å"For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. Ever since the creation of the world his eternal power and divine nature, invisible though they are, have been understood and seen through the things he has made.† I remember as a child in Sunday school that I was often taught about God by looking at natural world that surrounded me. The sunrise, the rainbow, the oceans and many more wonders that pointed me to a God who was not only very powerfulRead MoreThe On Gospel Essentials Of The United States1489 Words   |  6 Pagesspiritualists to practice their beliefs without interference from the government. This collection of religions adds to our diverse culture and creates an atmosphere of individuality without persecution. The Christian worldview possesses very unique qualities that separate it from the others. Christians believe that only one God exists (Timothy 2:5) and that he created mankind in his own image (Genesis 1:27). God then sent his son Jesus to die for the original sin of man and to allows us to ask forgivenessRead MoreThe Christian Worldview1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn such a complex and chaotic world, possessing a worldview that is practical can be essential to well-being and satisfaction. Without a cohesive framework with which to process the world around us, life can become discouraging and meaningless. Among a plethora of worldviews, Christianity is distinctive and singularly addresses many questions that come to the forefront concerning our existence and the universe. Unfortunately, many â€Å"who see themselves to be Christian really don’t understand even theRead MoreSummary : The Dignity Of The Human 972 Words   |  4 PagesDignity of the Human God is of supreme importance, as creatures of earth we need to relate to God and see ourselves as being creations of God, here we are able to see our human dignity and acknowledge that in order to be truly one with God we need to â€Å"love and devote† (Gaudium Et Spes 2016) ourselves. We have been told from scared scriptures that man was created â€Å"in the image of God† (Gen. 1:27), through the church man can be understood and any amount of despair man holds can be looked upon in theRead MoreThe Worldview And Its Impact On My Worldview1608 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence, to one steeped in my belief of God. However, until I got married 4 years ago, I had never actively worked on developing my Christian theistic worldview. Brown, Phillips and Stonestreet (2008) described a persons’ worldview as the framework that guides our beliefs and viewpoints (p. 21). With this in mind, I have established 3 main tenants of my worldview, God is, the universe was and morality will be. These are the foundations for the way I live, move and express my being in this world

Vivid Images of Character and Place in the Opening...

Vivid Images of Character and Place in the Opening Chapter To Dickens Great Expectations The opening chapter to Great Expectations introduces Pip who is the main protagonist in the story. He is an orphan and lives with his sister Mrs Joe Gargery and her husband who is a blacksmith. The story is set in the graveyard in the time of the Industrial Revolution. In the opening chapter we also see Pip being introduced to a convict who is very poor but very rude to the child. The convict threatens Pip and warns him that if he does not get any food for him, he will be in serious trouble. In the opening chapter we see Charles Dickens (the author) use a range of different language techniques that builds†¦show more content†¦This makes the readers feel more interested about the story. And that the low leaden line beyond, was the river; and that the distant savage lair from which the wind was rushing. This quote shows the readers can build an image of what the setting was like as well as gaining more attention to the story. Pip then meets the convict who is very poor but brutal and violent. We notice how there is no identity for the convict at the start. Dickens introduces the convict to make the readers feel shocked. Keep still, you little devil, or Ill cut your throat. This quote indicates to the readers that the convict is being verbal to Pip as well as making them feel terrified. Dickens also shows the convicts status by talking about what he is wearing. We notice how the author uses particular colours about the convict. He uses a variety of adjectives which shows the convicts poor status and that he is not a gentleman. A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man who had been soaked in water, and smothered in mud, and lamed by stones, and cut by flints. These quotes show clearly to the readers that Dickens makes the convict well suited to being cruel and spiteful to Pip and also shows that the convict is poor. Throughout the first chapter we have noticed how nature has been against Pip and how he isShow MoreRelatedGreat Expectations, by Charles Dickens Essay1094 Words   |  5 PagesEssay on Great Expectations (by Charles Dickens) Explore Dickens effective â€Å"language† to create â€Å"setting† and â€Å"character† in the opening chapter of Great Expectations. Dickens opens the theme of death early in the chapter. In the second paragraph he mentions the tombstones of Pips parents, â€Å"I gave Pirrip as my fathers family name on the authority of his tombstone†. This informs us that Pip experienced death at an early age. He goes on to describe the churchyard and the land aroundRead MoreDickens Creation of Sympathy for His Characters in Great Expectations2048 Words   |  9 PagesDickens Creation of Sympathy for His Characters in Great Expectations Charles Dickens was born on February 7th 1812, the son of John and Elizabeth Dickens. John Dickens was a clerk in the naval pay office. He had a poor head for finances and in 1824 found himself imprisoned for debt. His wife and children (with the exception of Charles) were, as was normal, imprisoned with him. Charles was put to work at Warrens Blacking Factory, where conditions were terrible. When his Read MoreHow Does Dickens Engage and Sustain the Reader in Great Expectations?2251 Words   |  10 PagesHOW DOES CHARLES DICKENS ENGAGE THE READER IN GREAT EXPECTATIONS? FOCUS ON CHAPTERS 1-8 Great Expectations by Charles Dickens is considered to be the greatest book he has ever sold. By the time Charles Dickens had started his thirteenth novel, Great Expectations, he was a national hero. After living as a shoe polisher, the upper class citizens of England started to realise through his writing what was happening to their fellow lower class citizens. Dickens’ excellence in this book is shownRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesthe text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The reader’s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model† for a piece of critical appreciation. Nevertheless, one can give information and suggestions that may prove helpful. PLOT The Elements of Plot When weRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesApproaches to Film Chapter I. On the Impression of Reality in the Cinema, 3 Chapter 2. Notes Toward a Phenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. SyntagmaticRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readableRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDiversity Programs 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Attitude Toward Older People? 40 Myth or Science? â€Å"Dual-Career Couples Divorce Less† 47 An Ethical Choice Religious Tattoos 51 glOBalization! Images of Diversity from Around the Globe 54 Point/Counterpoint Men Have More Mathematical Ability Than Women 61 Questions for Review 62 Experiential Exercise Feeling Excluded 62 Ethical Dilemma Board Quotas 62 Case Incident 1 The Flynn Effect 63 Case Incident

Financial Accounting Theory

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Accounting Theory. Answer: Situation/Task The learning objectives of my study are focused to ascertain the accomplishment of various types of contemporary accounting issues in the recent times. The main aim of the study is based on several facets, which focuses on the impact of the securities and exchange commission. The study also intends to instigate the characteristics of SECs impact on certified public accountant. I have shown the several other accomplishment of the study, which shows the rationale of IFRS adoption in European Union in the year 2005, is responsible for reducing the overall cost of equity and capital. Another aspect of the study shows the degree to which the managers discrete the earnings with the fair value system along with the legal environment in the country. The documentation from the previous study have been taken into consideration for including both institutional structure and the national culture for providing appropriate justification of the earnings of corporate manager all around the world. So me of the other aspect of the study shows the comparison of Italian and the U.S. earning management system practiced in the 20th century, and thereby studying the comparison of the several methodologies and research concepts. The comparison is intended to show the contributions of both US and Italian earning management (EM) literature to analyze the differentiating methodologies. The previous experience of my course materials also includes the scandals in the governance. It has been seen that during the period of 2011 and 2012 there had been several unethical practices sporting events held at Australia. The scandals were seen by the use of performance-enhancing drugs at various sporting clubs of Australia. The studies intended to show the several events which led to this scandal and the aftermath of the same. I have decided to do this by including class discussions in the field of governance, drugs use in sports and opinions of the stakeholders. In my course, I have been able to determine the changes in corporate litigation relating to the changes in the reputation level of Chief Executive Officer. The study is also intended to examine the impact of securities fraud and its impact on the accused firms and the managers. In order to study the scope of securities fraud various types of practical examples has been considered in the course curriculum. I have determined the various reasons, which led to the fall of Joseph Sepp Blatter who was the president of FIFA. The study shows the analysis and the reasons, which led to corrupt charges on him which finally, led to controversies relating to selection process of World Cup venues. The study shows the accusations made on the CEO are often exposed to labor market penalties, which results in loss of seats in the board and increased turnover in an organization. In the later stages, I have determined the importance of environmental and social reporting in developing countries. This is been done with the help of interviews and environmental reporting practices in several developing countries. The interview process will be conducted in the leading organizations of Bangladesh for determining their environmental and social performance. The importance of social and environmental reporting has been also shown in Chinese context. This has been done by interviewing 14 managers selected from nine different enterprises headquartered at Beijing. The interview conducted in the year 2009 takes into consideration the perception of the managers in a neo-institutional perspective. The various types of other tasks related to my course also show the relation between returns, earnings and cash flows on the impact of firm size. The research shows the empirical evidence from the previous findings on inconclusive incremental information content for cash flows and re-evaluating the data in the Australian context. The latter part of the report also intends to suggest on the role of gender entrepreneurship in bank lending procedure. The discrimination in the bank lending has been seen by viewing the demand side risk aversion and supply-side discrimination in terms of bank financing. Some of my other learning objectives have assisted me in learning the impact of disclosures made in non-GAAP Earnings in the Australian context. The studies relate to the disclosures made in the unaudited section of the annual report, which are often considered as the non-statutory earnings. The studies have also showed me several contexts to determine the accountability rendered by both non-governmental organizations and governmental agencies for the victims of Black Saturday bushfire disasters, which took place in the year 2009 in Australia. Action For the purpose of extensive analysis on the aforementioned areas of situation and tasks, I have considered taking interviews from various business personals will have a sound knowledge and experience in the specific domains mentioned previously. In several cases the trends of analysis has been performed by classroom study where I have taken opinions from the designated individuals relating to individual subject areas to provide accurate justification for the intended findings. The most useful analysis to consider the relevancy of the aforementioned subject areas I have studied several journals and research articles and at the same time I have done a trend analysis the previous organizations which are relevant to my desired learning objectives. For the purpose of trend analysis, I have considered the implications of the previous incidences in the organizations for a particular related topic. I have also taken several actions based on both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to determine the underlying factors in the desired outcomes. Results In the study conducted for the impact of SEC enforcement, I was able to find that the security of the proceedings was intended to breach the law and among the younger CPAs the outcome was observed to be more severe (Juric et al. 2015). In the study related production of IFRS in the European Union context, I observed that IFRS helped in reducing the cost of equity by 47 basis points. I was also able to observe that the reduction process was prevalent in countries having strong legal enforcement, which led to information enhancement for better compatibility in cost of equity reduction approach (Hong 2013). The study based on the cross country to show the effects of national culture on earning management, I have been able to learn that the national culture is responsible for influencing the tendency of the managers in the management of earnings and the difficulty in proving of casualty. However, I have observed that national culture is relatively stable over time and provide a reasonabl e assurance at a later stage (Deephouse, Newburry and Soleimani 2016). For showing the practical usage, I have shown examples from the comparative study based on history of earnings management literature from Italy and the US. In this study, I was able to find that the historical comparison has suggested that the accounting regulation and the standards relating to financial statements differed both in the literature of Italy as well as USA. However, the problems related to earnings manipulation were observed to be same in both the countries (Leoni and Florio 2015). The use of drugs in the sporting events have shown that the main failure in corporate governance is seen due to the lack of communication between the senior management and the board members and had as well as improper internal controls within the management (Phat et al. 2016). From the study on the corporate litigation, I am able to learn that CEOs are observed to experience poor reemployment opportunities following the contractual lawsuits. I was also able to find that the operational consequences directly deal with nature of allegation and merits of lawsuit (Liu et al. 2016). The findings on the corporate social responsibility research conducted on Bangladesh have shown that stakeholder groups have pressurized the clothing industry to make several disclosures related to CSR. From the study based on social environment reporting in China I was able to know that Western economies, managers reveal the reporting standards by pressure exerted from the peer institutions (Zhao and Patten 2 016). The study conducted before the relation between earnings, cash flows and returns on firm size revealed a nonlinear for greater exploratory power in terms of both cash flows and earnings. The study conducted on the gender entrepreneurship has shown the greatest amount of difference in negotiation of the loan applications in the bank. The results of the study conducted on disclosure of non GAAP Earnings in Australia annual report I have observed a positive association of non-sophisticated investor reliance with the disclosure of non GAAP Earnings information (Johnson et al. 2014). The downward accountability of the issues relating to Australias Black Saturday have narrated on various types of unexpected results and biasness towards beneficiaries in terms of higher rank and position. List of References and Bibliography Deephouse, D.L., Newburry, W. and Soleimani, A., 2016. The effects of institutional development and national culture on cross-national differences in corporate reputation.Journal of World Business,51(3), pp.463-473. Hong, H.A., 2013. Does mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards decrease the voting premium for dual-class shares?.The Accounting Review,88(4), pp.1289-1325. Johnson, A., Percy, M., Stevenson?Clarke, P. and Cameron, R., 2014. The Impact of the Disclosure of Non?GAAP Earnings in Australian Annual Reports on Non?Sophisticated Users.Australian Accounting Review,24(3), pp.207-217. Juric, D., OConnell, B., Rankin, M. and Birt, J., 2015. Determinants of the Severity of Legal and Employment Consequences for CPAs Named in SEC Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-19. Leoni, G. and Florio, C., 2015. A comparative history of earnings management literature from Italy and the US.Accounting History, p.1032373215602079. Liu, C., Aharony, J., Richardson, G. and Yawson, A., 2016. Corporate litigation and changes in CEO reputation: Guidance from US Federal Court lawsuits.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,12(1), pp.15-34. Phat, T.H., Birt, J., Turner, M.J. and Fenech, J.P., 2016. Sporting clubs and scandalsLessons in governance.Sport Management Review,19(1), pp.69-80. Pielke, R., 2013. How can FIFA be held accountable?.Sport management review,16(3), pp.255-267. Taylor, D., Tharapos, M. and Sidaway, S., 2014. Downward accountability for a natural disaster recovery effort: Evidence and issues from Australia's Black Saturday.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(7), pp.633-651. Zhao, N. and Patten, D.M., 2016. An exploratory analysis of managerial perceptions of social and environmental reporting in China: Evidence from state-owned enterprises in Beijing.Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal,7(1), pp.80-98.

The Kite Runner and Novel free essay sample

Could the story of the novel exist without the class difference between Amir and Hassan? Make a case, using specific plot points and historical facts to ground your argument. Examine the concept of circularity in the novel. What important cycles exist in the characters lives and histories? How is circularity connected to redemption? Explore the way in which courage is portrayed in the novel. What constitutes true bravery? What are the key moments when characters are brave and who is the bravest character, if any? Use specific examples from the text to support your argument. Each character in the novel is shaped not only by his particular circumstances, but by the historical and political events that occur during his life. Consider Sohrab, the only character of his generation; how is he different from the other characters and how are these differences a function of what he has experienced? Consider the idea of a homeland or watan. We will write a custom essay sample on The Kite Runner and Novel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page How do you think the novel defines a homeland? Make sure to consider the opinions of Farid and Assef. Also, consider this question in terms of Amir and Sohrab, two characters who leave Afghanistan when they are still growing up. Even though countless events occur in the novel, the title refers to kite fighting and kite running. What do these activities represent in the novel and why are they so important? To whom or what does the title, The Kite Runner, refer? Examine what itCould the story of the novel exist without the class difference between Amir and Hassan? Make a case, using specific plot points and historical facts to ground your argument. Examine the concept of circularity in the novel. What important cycles exist in the characters lives and histories? How is circularity connected to redemption? Explore the way in which courage is portrayed in the novel. What constitutes true bravery? What are the key moments when characters are brave and who is the bravest character, if any? Use specific examples from the text to support your argument. Each character in the novel is shaped not only by his particular circumstances, but by the historical and political events that occur during his life. Consider Sohrab, the only character of his generation; how is he different from the other characters and how are these differences a function of what he has experienced? Consider the idea of a homeland or watan. How do you think the novel defines a homeland? Make sure to consider the opinions of Farid and Assef. Also, consider this question in terms of Amir and Sohrab, two characters who leave Afghanistan when they are still growing up. Even though countless events occur in the novel, the title refers to kite fighting and kite running. What do these activities represent in the novel and why are they so important? To whom or what does the title, The Kite Runner, refer? Examine what itCould the story of the novel exist without the class difference between Amir and Hassan? Make a case, using specific plot points and historical facts to ground your argument. Examine the concept of circularity in the novel. What important cycles exist in the characters lives and histories? How is circularity connected to redemption? Explore the way in which courage is portrayed in the novel. What constitutes true bravery? What are the key moments when characters are brave and who is the bravest character, if any? Use specific examples from the text to support your argument. Each character in the novel is shaped not only by his particular circumstances, but by the historical and political events that occur during his life. Consider Sohrab, the only character of his generation; how is he different from the other characters and how are these differences a function of what he has experienced? Consider the idea of a homeland or watan. How do you think the novel defines a homeland? Make sure to consider the opinions of Farid and Assef. Also, consider this question in terms of Amir and Sohrab, two characters who leave Afghanistan when they are still growing up. Even though countless events occur in the novel, the title refers to kite fighting and kite running. What do these activities represent in the novel and why are they so important? To whom or what does the title, The Kite Runner, refer? Examine what itCould the story of the novel exist without the class difference between Amir and Hassan? Make a case, using specific plot points and historical facts to ground your argument. Examine the concept of circularity in the novel. What important cycles exist in the characters lives and histories? How is circularity connected to redemption? Explore the way in which courage is portrayed in the novel. What constitutes true bravery? What are the key moments when characters are brave and who is the bravest character, if any? Use specific examples from the text to support your argument. Each character in the novel is shaped not only by his particular circumstances, but by the historical and political events that occur during his life. Consider Sohrab, the only character of his generation; how is he different from the other characters and how are these differences a function of what he has experienced? Consider the idea of a homeland or watan. How do you think the novel defines a homeland? Make sure to consider the opinions of Farid and Assef. Also, consider this question in terms of Amir and Sohrab, two characters who leave Afghanistan when they are still growing up. Even though countless events occur in the novel, the title refers to kite fighting and kite running. What do these activities represent in the novel and why are they so important? To whom or what does the title, The Kite Runner, refer? Examine what itCould the story of the novel exist without the class difference between Amir and Hassan? Make a case, using specific plot points and historical facts to ground your argument. Examine the concept of circularity in the novel. What important cycles exist in the characters lives and histories? How is circularity connected to redemption? Explore the way in which courage is portrayed in the novel. What constitutes true bravery? What are the key moments when characters are brave and who is the bravest character, if any? Use specific examples from the text to support your argument. Each character in the novel is shaped not only by his particular circumstances, but by the historical and political events that occur during his life. Consider Sohrab, the only character of his generation; how is he different from the other characters and how are these differences a function of what he has experienced? Consider the idea of a homeland or watan. How do you think the novel defines a homeland? Make sure to consider the opinions of Farid and Assef. Also, consider this question in terms of Amir and Sohrab, two characters who leave Afghanistan when they are still growing up. Even though countless events occur in the novel, the title refers to kite fighting and kite running. What do these activities represent in the novel and why are they so important? To whom or what does the title, The Kite Runner, refer? Examine what it

Italian Christmas Traditions and Customs

Italian Christmas Traditions and Customs During Christmastime, one readily observable difference between Italy and the United States, for instance, is the lack of crass commercialism that threatens to swallow up and completely secularize the holiday. For instance, instead of writing letters to Santa Claus asking for presents (or, in the digital age,  e-mailing Santa Claus), Italian children write letters to tell their parents how much they love them. The letter is normally placed under their fathers plate and read after Christmas Eve dinner has been finished. Italians have also adopted some of the  northern European traditions  as well. Nowadays, especially in northern Italy, a fair number of families decorate an evergreen tree in their home. Here are some other rituals, customs, and traditions practiced by Italians during the Christmas holidays: Ceppo: The  ceppo  is a wooden frame several feet high designed in a pyramid shape. This frame supports several tiers of shelves, often with a manger scene on the bottom followed by small gifts of fruit, candy, and presents on the shelves above. The Tree of Light, as it is also know, is entirely decorated with colored paper, gilt pinecones, and miniature colored pennants. Small candles are fastened to the tapering sides and a star or small doll is hung at the apex. Urn of Fate: An old tradition in Italy calls for each member of the family to take turns drawing a wrapped gift out of a large ornamental bowl until all the presents are distributed. Zampognari and Pifferai: In Rome and surrounding areas bagpipers and flute players, in traditional colorful costumes of sheepskin vests, knee-high breeches, white stockings and long dark cloaks, travel from their homes in the Abruzzi mountains to entertain crowds of people at religious shrines. La Befana:  Kindly old witch  who brings children toys on the Feast of the Epiphany, January 6. According to the legend of la Befana, the Three Wise Men stopped at her hut to ask directions on their way to Bethlehem and to invite her to join them. She refused, and later a shepherd asked her to join him in paying respect to the Christ Child. Again she refused, and when night fell she saw a great light in the skies. La Befana thought perhaps she should have gone with the Three Wise Men, so she gathered some toys that had belonged to her own child, who had died, and ran to find the kings and the shepherd. But la Befana could not find them or the stable. Now, each year she looks for the Christ Child. Since she cannot find him, she leaves gifts for the children of Italy and pieces of coal (nowadays  carbone dolce, a rock candy that looks remarkably like coal) for the bad ones. Holiday Season: On the Italian holiday calendar December 25 isnt the only special day. Throughout December and January there are a number of religious holidays to mark the season. DECEMBER 6: La Festa di San Nicola - The festival in honor of St. Nicholas, the patron saint of shepherds, is celebrated in towns such as Pollutri with the lighting of fires under enormous cauldrons, in which  fave  (broad beans) are cooked, then eaten ceremoniously. DECEMBER 8: LImmacolata Concezione - celebration of the Immaculate Conception DECEMBER 13: La Festa di Santa Lucia - St. Lucys Day DECEMBER 24: La Vigilia di Natale - Christmas Eve DECEMBER 25: Natale - Christmas DECEMBER 26: La Festa di Santo Stefano - St. Stephens Day marks the announcement of the birth of Jesus and the arrival of the Three Wise Men DECEMBER 31: La Festa di San Silvestro - New Years Eve JANUARY 1: Il Capodanno - New Years Day JANUARY 6: La Festa dellEpifania - The Epiphany

Reginald Fessenden and the First Radio Broadcast

Reginald Fessenden and the First Radio Broadcast Reginald Fessenden was an electrician, chemist, and employee of Thomas Edison who is responsible for transmitting the first voice message over radio in 1900 and the first radio broadcast in 1906. Early Life and Work With Edison Fessenden was born October 6, 1866, in what is now Quebec, Canada. After he accepted a position serving as principal of a school in Bermuda, Fessenden developed an interest in science. He soon left teaching to pursue a science career in New York City, seeking employment with Thomas Edison. Fessenden initially had trouble attaining employment with Edison. In his first letter seeking employment, he admitted that he [Did] not know anything about electricity, but can learn pretty quick, leading Edison to initially reject him though he would eventually get hired as a tester for Edison Machine Works in 1886, and for Edison Laboratory in New Jersey in 1887 (the successor to Edisons famous Menlo Park lab). His work led him to encounter inventor Thomas Edison face to face. Although Fessenden had been trained as an electrician, Edison wanted to make him a chemist. Fessenden protested the suggestion to which Edison replied, I have had a lot of chemists . . . but none of them can get results. Fessenden turned out to be an excellent chemist, working with insulation for electrical wires. Fessenden was laid off from Edison Laboratory three years after he began working there,  after which he worked for Westinghouse Electric Company In Newark, N.J., and the Stanley Company in Massachusetts. Inventions and Radio Transmission Before he left Edison, though, Fessenden managed to patent several inventions of his own, including patents for telephony and telegraphy. Specifically, according to the National Capitol Commission of Canada, â€Å"he invented the modulation of radio waves, the ‘heterodyne principle,’ which allowed the reception and transmission on the same aerial without interference.â€Å" In the late 1800s, people communicated by radio through Morse code, with radio operators decoding the communication form into messages. Fessenden put an end to this laborious manner of radio communication in 1900, when he transmitted the first voice message in history. Six years afterward, Fessenden improved his technique when on Christmas Eve 1906, ships off the Atlantic coast used his equipment to broadcast the first trans-Atlantic voice and music transmission. By the 1920s, ships of all kinds relied upon Fessendens depth sounding technology.   Fessenden held more than 500 patents and won Scientific Americans Gold Medal in 1929 for the fathometer, an instrument that could measure the depth of water beneath a ships keel. And while Thomas Edison is known for inventing the first commercial light bulb, Fessenden improved upon that creation, asserts the National Capitol Commission of Canada.   He moved with his wife back to her native Bermuda after leaving the radio business due to differences with partners and lengthy lawsuits over his inventions. Fessenden died in Hamilton, Bermuda, in 1932.

Piano Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Piano - Essay Example There is no motion anywhere; like everything is paying tribute to the beautiful music. In this sense of extreme calm and motionlessness, I can feel goose-bumps every now and then when an unusually appealing note gets me overwhelmed. When I am overjoyed with happiness, the sound of piano helps me sustain that feeling of being overjoyed. Particularly, if a fast track is being played, nothing matches the occasion better than that. When I attain this match by fortune, I cannot help dancing. While I know that I am a very pathetic dancer otherwise, my dancing skills unimaginably get polished at such occasions as if by magic or a miracle. I dance like I have learnt dancing formally from some dance school. Maybe it is this frequency that I share with the sound of a piano that it helps me explore my hidden capabilities and surprise my friends and family with that. When I hear piano, it frequently reminds me of my second birthday when I had received piano as a gift from my dearest grandmother who is no more with me today. Thus my grandmother established my relation with piano the very day. I have spent my early childhood at my grandmother’s place and she is one of the people who have not only shaped my life and personality but have left many positive influences and examples for me to follow throughout my life. That was the first time I happened to own a piano. Probably that is where my association with piano started and has continued to date. May be this is the reason why at every special occasion, I feel incomplete and undone unless I have heard piano and cherished a memory of my grandmother. Piano affects me almost just like alcohol affects people. Drunk people excel in the emotion that they have at a particular point in time unless something different happens to catch their attention and make them take a turn. Likewise, piano helps me retain and indeed strengthen whatever feeling I have at a particular point in time while I

The Framemakers Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The Framemakers - Case Study Example The Normans then leaves the family business to work out modalities for their personal business (Wesley, 2000). The case’s statement problem is therefore to determine the best business opportunity that can successfully meet the Norman’s ambition for expansion. Solving the problem would involve analysis of available alternatives (Wesley, 2000). The first alternative for the Normans is the family business that is already established but has little room for expansion. They can alternatively pursue the franchise business that has an already developed image but they will have to buy the goodwill and pay a regular commission from their revenues besides operational costs. The Normans can alternatively develop their own business. Even though this will have a slow start and would similarly require financial inputs, it is viable and has room for expansion (Wesley, 2000). The Normans should therefore work hard on the involveed modalities to set up their personal and independent business. This is because it has room for expansion and will be free from any form of external

The Harlem Renaissance Essay Example for Free

The Harlem Renaissance Essay Harlem Renaissance also known as the New Negro Renaissance evolved in the 1920s, in New York City’s locality called Harlem. â€Å"The movement started around 1918, as the American civil war had given the African American people their rights and most of the educated African American citizens then moved to places such as New York City to explore better opportunities† (Huggins Rampersad, 10). As many educated African Americans settled in various neighborhoods of New York City, areas such as Harlem became hubs of African American cultural and political activities. At this point, African American literature took on a different level and received critical acclaim; along with African American arts also evolved resulting in various economic and social developments. During this movement many intellectuals even contributed to the struggle of equal rights for all races, such as sociologist, author, civil rights activist and historian W. E. B. Du Bois who co-founded National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Movements such as these lifted the stigma and feeling of inequality within the community and help build racial pride amongst African Americans. Harlem Renaissance even saw the rise of Apollo Theatre where many African American artists started off their career such as the famous jazz singer Sarah Vaughan. This movement even gave popularity to Jazz and Blues music, which was widely heard throughout Harlem’s bars and musical theatres. Novels of Jesse Fauset, fiction of Charles W.  Chesnutt, jazz poetry of Langston Hughes and romantic poetry of Countee Cullen are some of the works of literature that received major recognition through the Harlem Renaissance movement. Such a movement did not just enrich the African American culture but gave them an identity, and changed the way America and the whole world perceived African Americans. This newly found identity caused many African Americans to exercise full potential and bring success to themselves and their community.

Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult Essay

Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult situations We are comparing the stories ‘Flight’ by Doris Lessing and ‘Your shoes’ by Michele Roberts. They both deal with the issue of daughters leaving home and how it affects the whole family. In ‘Flight’, the granddad is affected most severely but in ‘Your Shoes’, it is the mother. ‘Your Shoes’ is written in a first person narrative from the mother’s perspective. ‘Flight’ is written in the third person. The main theme of the stories is growing up and letting go/ moving on. In ‘Fight’ the granddad is overprotective of the granddaughter and she craves freedom from him and the atmosphere of the house she has grown up in. Her granddad makes her feel that getting married and moving away is wrong, ‘She’ll marry him next, I’m telling you; she’ll be marrying him next!’. In ‘Your Shoes’ there is a similar theme of over protectiveness and inability of the guardian to let go. However, in ‘Your Shoes’ the daughter actually runs away from the mother, whereas in ‘Flight’ the granddad simply feels that she is running away. The two stories conclude in very different ways. In ‘Flight’ the granddad symbolises that he is finally ready to let go of his granddaughter by releasing, if only for a short while, the pigeon that has symbolised her throughout the whole story. In ‘Your Shoes’ it contrasts this by the mother becoming increasingly unstable as the story progresses and ending with her seeming to have a mental breakdown. In ‘Flight’ the characters deal with the difficulties very differently than in ‘Your Shoes’. The granddad in ‘Flight’ tries to lock his granddaughter away from the world and convince himself he is doing it for her own good. The gra... ...of the mother’s family history, which shows that she didn’t take the side of her mother either, but went onto her father’s side. In ‘Flight’ and ‘Your Shoes’ the characters deal with the similar difficulties very differently. Both authors use symbolism to emphasise the difficulties or dilemmas, pigeons are used in ‘Flight’ and trainers are used in ‘Your Shoes’. The symbols in both stories relate to travelling or a journey. I think that the symbolism is effective in both stories but more so in ‘Your Shoes’ as the shoes represent several things; the pureness that the mother wants the daughter to have, the overbearing nature of the mother, the mother’s obsession with order and the fact that the mother can communicate better with a pair of shoes than she can with her own daughter. In comparison, I enjoyed ‘Your Shoes’ far more and found it more interesting. Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult Essay Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult situations We are comparing the stories ‘Flight’ by Doris Lessing and ‘Your shoes’ by Michele Roberts. They both deal with the issue of daughters leaving home and how it affects the whole family. In ‘Flight’, the granddad is affected most severely but in ‘Your Shoes’, it is the mother. ‘Your Shoes’ is written in a first person narrative from the mother’s perspective. ‘Flight’ is written in the third person. The main theme of the stories is growing up and letting go/ moving on. In ‘Fight’ the granddad is overprotective of the granddaughter and she craves freedom from him and the atmosphere of the house she has grown up in. Her granddad makes her feel that getting married and moving away is wrong, ‘She’ll marry him next, I’m telling you; she’ll be marrying him next!’. In ‘Your Shoes’ there is a similar theme of over protectiveness and inability of the guardian to let go. However, in ‘Your Shoes’ the daughter actually runs away from the mother, whereas in ‘Flight’ the granddad simply feels that she is running away. The two stories conclude in very different ways. In ‘Flight’ the granddad symbolises that he is finally ready to let go of his granddaughter by releasing, if only for a short while, the pigeon that has symbolised her throughout the whole story. In ‘Your Shoes’ it contrasts this by the mother becoming increasingly unstable as the story progresses and ending with her seeming to have a mental breakdown. In ‘Flight’ the characters deal with the difficulties very differently than in ‘Your Shoes’. The granddad in ‘Flight’ tries to lock his granddaughter away from the world and convince himself he is doing it for her own good. The gra... ...of the mother’s family history, which shows that she didn’t take the side of her mother either, but went onto her father’s side. In ‘Flight’ and ‘Your Shoes’ the characters deal with the similar difficulties very differently. Both authors use symbolism to emphasise the difficulties or dilemmas, pigeons are used in ‘Flight’ and trainers are used in ‘Your Shoes’. The symbols in both stories relate to travelling or a journey. I think that the symbolism is effective in both stories but more so in ‘Your Shoes’ as the shoes represent several things; the pureness that the mother wants the daughter to have, the overbearing nature of the mother, the mother’s obsession with order and the fact that the mother can communicate better with a pair of shoes than she can with her own daughter. In comparison, I enjoyed ‘Your Shoes’ far more and found it more interesting.

Distinctively Visual Essay

Distinctively visual imagery can either entice or distance us from the world of the characters. Through language and rhythm, the readers become absorbed in the action and dynamics of the narrative or empathetic observers of the struggles of others. Henry Lawson’s short stories ‘The Drover’s Wife’ and ‘In a Dry Season’ evoke a harsh, arid landscape but also sympathetic characters that struggle to survive. In contrast, the ballad ‘The Man From Snowy River’ by A.B (Banjo). Patterson entices us in a world of action, excitement and mountain beauty that draws the audience into the world of the ballad. Thus images absorb us but we may feel that we are spectators or participants in the world of the text. Henry Lawson uses different language techniques in his short story, ‘The Drover’s Wife’, to convey the struggle of living in the Australian outback. Lawson’s techniques paint a scorched and barren landscape, which conveys to the audience, the characters battle to live in such conditions. These techniques that Lawson has skillfully used include repetition, colour imagery and irony. Lawson uses the repetition of â€Å" Snake! Mother, here’s a snake!† so the audience would feel the urgency and the traumatising experience that the character is going through. This gives the audience an understanding of the struggle of every day life in the Australian outback. Lawson also uses colour imagery to draw a distinctively visual image of the dog, Alligator. ‘Black, yellow-eyed dog-of-all-breeds’ Lawson describes the dog as if it is mutant-like and a terrifying out of the ordinary dog. This shows us that the dog has had to adapt to the country and become abnormal just to live through every day. This makes the audience feel scared of the bizarre dog, but also they also sympathize with it as it is living in such severe conditions. The repetition of ‘She fought’ emphasizes how the mother must fight to keep her home and children safe. She does not stop fighting to survive in the Australian outback for herself, her children, her dog and her home. The audience is meant to feel sympathetic towards the mother as she gets no rest and everyday she must work and fight to survive. The audience is given a feeling that this is not home for the faint hearted. They are intrigued, however, they do not want to partake in the world of the text.  The irony of, ‘She loves her children, but has no time to show it. She is harsh to them.’ Gives the effect of the mother being the strong woman type and doesn’t show affection. But this doesn’t mean she doesn’t want to show her children affection, it merely means that with all the work that is required of her in the Australian outback, she does not have the time. This makes the audience feel sympathetic towards the mother and her childre n. They feel sorry for the children that they cannot spend as much family time with their mother as most families would. ‘The Drover’s Wife’ gives a negative feel of the outback and allows you to stand by the story but you are not invited in. The audience does not want to experience the harsh outback. One technique that is used is long sentences. Similarly, the short story ‘In a Dry Season’ by Henry Lawson uses techniques to convey the struggle of living in the Australian outback and also makes the audience feel intrigued by the story but do not want to participate in the world of the text. Lawson uses imperative, minimalist descriptions and a stereotypical setting to make the audience spectators in the world of the text in an unromanticised fashion. ‘Draw a wire fence’ this technique that Lawson uses is demanding our attention and involvement of the story. He is forcing the audience to draw the story and by doing this, they cannot participate in the world of the text. However, since the outback is so rough and unforgiving, the audience does not feel they want to participate anyway. ‘A wire fence†¦ Few ragged gums†¦ Scattered sheep running†¦ Train’, this use of minimalist description reduces the landscape to just 4 key characteristics. By doing this, Lawson emphasizes the monotony of the bush. This makes the audience to feel the harsh ruggedness of the dull landscape. This then pushes them away from the world of the text and forces them to stay observers of the short story. The stereotypical setting that Lawson draws emphasizes the sameness of the bush. He draws the landscape broadly repeating, â€Å"it is safe to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  encouraging the audience to assume that most towns share the same features. This shows that majority of the Australian outback is the same with their stores, pub, houses and the bush area. With the audience thinking this commonality between many small towns, they feel as though they want to stay observers rather than just being forced observers. Alternatively, ‘The Man From Snowy River’, a ballad written by A.B. (Banjo) Patterson, entices the audience and draws them into the story to live it out. He romanticises the Australian outback making the audience believe that the outback is a beautiful place to live with little worries. Banjo Patterson constructs this view of the Australian outback through its use of techniques. These techniques that Banjo Paterson has masterfully used throughout the ballad are alliteration, rhyming and rhythm. One technique used by Banjo Patterson is alliteration, ‘And they charged beneath the stock whip with a sharp and sudden dash’ and ‘thunder of their tread’, which is used to make the ballad more intriguing and enticing for the audience. This then has the effect of making the audience want to participate in the world of the text as the outback is romanticised and seems enjoyable. Rhyming couplets such as the following were used throughout the ballad to give it flair and rhythm: â€Å"Then they halted for a moment, while he swung the dreaded lash, But they saw their well-loved mountain full in view, And they charged beneath the stock whip with a sharp and sudden dash, And off into the mountain scrub they flew.†Ã‚  The rhyming and rhythm throughout the ballad gives the audience a jubilant feel and also romanticises the Australian outback. Because of this, the audience feels that the outback is a joyful place to live; they feel intrigued and are drawn into the world of the text and want to participate in the story. Therefore, the short stories ‘Drover’s Wife’ and ‘In a Dry Season’ by Henry Lawson induce the monotony of the Australian outback and the sympathetic characters that struggle to survive everyday life. Audiences feel as though they as observers of the unromanticised short stories and are not a part of the world of the text. In contrast, the ballad ‘The Man From Snowy River’ by A.B. (Banjo) Patterson shows a romanticised view of the Australian outback. Banjo Patterson writes of the action, excitement and the mountain beauty seen in his view of the outback. This entices the audience and makes them feel as though they are participants in the world of the ballad. Consequently, images engage us but we may either feel that we are spectators  or participants of the world of the text.

Michael Jackson Social Media Idea Essay

Michael Jackson, often referred to as The King of Pop or simply MJ, is one of the most entertaining individuals in the history of the entire world. Armed with more awards than any aspiring artist could ever dream of, he produced hit songs over forty years ago in 1970, such as â€Å"ABC†, â€Å"I want you Back†, and â€Å"I’ll Be There.† Michael continued to dominate the 80’s when he wrote songs such as â€Å"Thriller†, â€Å"The way you Make me Feel† and co-wrote â€Å"We are the World† with Lionel Richie in an attempt to help raise money for charity. Even into the early 90’s Jackson’s glamor was simply unmatched, as he set the foundation for future Super Bowl halftime shows with a flashy show in 1993 during Super XXVII, the first time ever a network actually gained viewers during the half time performance. However, as with all iconic celebrities, Jackson had a multitude of problems to deal with himself. After a strict, vicious childhood, Jackson dealt with multiple child sexual abuse scandals, both of which he was never convicted in, as well as a huge public controversy over his skin tone. Michael Jackson was found dead on June 25, 2009, the autopsy revealed it was a homicide from cardiac arrest; his physician was convicted of involuntary manslaughter for administering the drugs. When Jackson died in 2009, it triggered a social media outburst of grief, with nearly one billion people watching the Memorial Service online. From the sheer amount of fans Jackson had and still currently has, if a social media site were to catch on that featured Jackson, the possibilities would be endless. Before any idea can be developed, the audience and demographics must be taken into account for first. Since the death of Michael Jackson was so popular, companies actually took polls and notes from their audiences when they tuned into the Memorial Service. CNN (2009) polled over one thousand Americans to try and understand the demographics of MJ fans better. Michael Jackson fans were split relatively evenly among gender, with 52% of fans being male. Almost every person over 55 was not a MJ fan, while his hottest age demographic were age 39-49. Even the young generation who was not really around during his peak still considered themselves fans. Over ? of non-Caucasian respondents claimed they were MJ fans, while a majority of white respondents claimed they were. It is important to note that these were taken via telephone call, not the internet in any way. The key is to take these demographics and integrate them with internet users, particularly internet users. From my internet marketing textbook titled E-Marketing, by Judy Strauss and Raymond Frost (2009), the average demographic of an internet user is age 19-35, white, educated, and an average income around $75,000. However, the African-American segment of the race demographic is growing the fastest of any. Mixing the two of these, the potential client base would be highest if it were aimed towards young to middle aged adults, with a very strong common bond that unites everyone on the website, Michael’s music. I think it would be considered a crime if you attempted to try to start a relationship type of website with Michael Jackson’s name all over it, or at least the PR and media would tear it down to the bone, but perhaps any attention, good or bad, is considered advantageous when your business is still in its early stages. Anyway, the idea I would propose would be an all-out fan club for Michael Jackson. There is a site or two like this already, but it is very poorly done. It would have trivia contests, best dancing contests, look-alike contests, name that tune contests, etc. The key to the website would be the amount of users on it, which allows the user to become interactive with the website. I think that would appease to the younger population, uploading constant photos and videos, watching them, etc. For the older generation, there needs to be videos of old Michael Jackson performances, classics. The live performance at the super bowl, the vintage Jackson 5, the numerous Grammy awards, etc. From those videos, other current events in the world at that time would show. It would seem as if the user it going backwards in time, exploring Michael’s life, but in reality, the user connects epic, surreal moments from Jackson’s life, just as if he is re-living his own life thirty years ago. I think there would be two people who would go to the site, younger, less passionate fans of Michael who would go there for the social aspect and the older, less social media intense, but very Michael and music heavy users. Perhaps it is a stretch, but there are already so many niche social media networks out there, it is tough to fully see what works best. As with any business, it is not going to be perfect right away, the key is to constantly listen to users to help edit the site that appeals to the masses. There are a ton of 35-50 year olds out there who really loved there music during the 70-80’s, especially Michaels’s. The thing is that most men that age do not even really know the first thing on how to let alone accurately use, set up a Facebook account. The navigation would have to be so simplistic, that senior citizens could not even lose their ways. You would advertise with other huge artists of the time, The Beatles, Pink Floyd, etc. Before you know it, you have created a social network for older generation men who want to get home from their honest days’ work, light a cigarette, drink a beer and listen to the king. Works Cited Strauss, J., & Frost, R. (2009). E-marketing (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Poll: Majority of Americans are Michael Jackson fans – CNN. (2009, July 3). Featured Articles from CNN. Retrieved November 8, 2012, from http://articles.cnn.com/2009-07-03/entertainment/us.jackson.poll_1_michael-jackson-fans-new-national-poll?_s=PM:SHOWBIZ

Childhood Reveled essays

Childhood Reveled essays Childhood Revealed takes us into the hearts and minds of children who live with a specific challenge in their cognitive, psychological, or physical aspect of their life. For these children, drawing, and writing about their drawings, are ways of finding solutions or communicating with anyone that will listen. Remarkably, their resilient natures lead them to correct what is wrong, fix what is broken, and heal what is scarred. Their desire to triumph, their instinct to dream is their most telling, most disarming quality. As an abused girl of eleven writes of her drawing: This picture is bright and shows that I feel happier and am progressing. The flower with the brown middle shows that I still feel angry. I have courage inside and know that I can do much better in life. Children shouldnt feel that it is always their fault. It is estimated that 12 percent of American children endure mental health problem, yet less than one-fifth receive treatment. Childhood revealed has been created by the New York University Child Study Center, which is dedicated to advancing research and clinical care for children. For this book, The Center invited child and adolescent clinicians and teachers nationwide to submit artwork made by children from ages four to eighteen. A select jury of scholars, artists, and educators made the final selection of more than one hundred artworks of the New York University Child Study Center to bring awareness and understanding to the issues of child and adolescent mental health including: depression, eating and anxiety disorders, psychosis, ADHD, autism, abuse, and divorce. Depression is a rare disorder for children under the age of twelve, affecting only 1 to 2 percent of children five to eleven years of age. By the time children hit puberty, an estimated 8 percent of young people twelve to eighteen (nearly twice as many girls as boys) suffer from major depression disorder. Depression in ch...

How Monica Lewinsky overcame fear of presenting †and you can too

How Monica Lewinsky overcame fear of presenting – and you can too How Monica Lewinsky conquered her public-speaking demons In March 2015, Monica Lewinsky walked into the world-famous spotlight of the TED stage in Vancouver, Canada, to deliver a presentation called The price of shame. She was, of course, already world famous herself. Everyone knew her story –  her affair with former US President Bill Clinton, which had hit the headlines some 17 years earlier. In her own words, she was the Creature from the Media Lagoon. Her face was projected above her on two huge screens, revealing even the slightest expression of nerves. The tiniest glisten of moisture in her eyes would be highlighted a hundredfold in the glare of the stage lights. Somehow, just imagining the audience in their underwear wasnt going to cut it here. Talking about her presenting experience in an interview for The TED Guide to Public Speaking, she told TED Curator Chris Anderson: Nervous is too mild a word to describe how I felt. More like .  .  . gutted with trepidation. Bolts of fear. Electric anxiety. If we could have harnessed the power of my nerves that morning, I think the energy crisis would have been solved. Thankfully, most of us havent had to deal with ridicule on the scale Lewinsky has – but the all-consuming fear of presenting that she felt is something many of us can relate to. Presentations are among the most important things we do in our careers – whether were a newcomer proving our worth to our colleagues for the first time, or a senior adviser influencing policy decisions that could affect the lives of millions. Lewinsky used just about every trick in the book to calm her nerves before her talk. And they worked – her talk was widely acclaimed and quickly reached over a million views. So how did she overcome her fear of presenting? And how can you use the same techniques in your own business presentations? We talked to our expert presentation-skills trainer, David White, to learn more. 1. Dont rely on adrenaline You cant rely on adrenaline helping you throughout your presentation. All it does is give you an instant rush, says David. Too many people hope that adrenaline alone will see them through their talks – but it isnt enough. It fades after four or five minutes. Few people could have been more adrenalised than Lewinsky in advance of her talk. But she also used the techniques below – as the impressive final result showed. 2. Write a mantra Lewinsky had two mantras that David likes: One was IVE GOT THIS, and the other was THIS MATTERS. She wrote the latter on the top of the first page of her talk. I like these because sometimes we forget that we can do what were going to do, especially if weve done it before. So when writing your next presentation, try using your own mantra. Make it simple and straightforward. You may think youre just faking confidence – but keep in mind that many of the people you meet who you feel are naturally confident are doing just the same thing. 3. Use your fear as a motivation Public speaking regularly rates highly in surveys of peoples fears – even when pitched against competition like the fear of heights, or even death. But its the social costs that worry us the most – we want to be liked, included, respected and taken seriously by others. Being ostracised from a group of any kind – be it your peers while at school or work colleagues later in life – is a scary prospect. The key to dealing with this understandable fear is to use the fear as motivation. If youre scared, make it force you to practise more. Do more rehearsal, more preparation. Lewinsky went as far as giving her talk in advance to small audiences for feedback. When the negative feedback she was fearing just didnt come, she knew she was in a much better place to present. 4. Let your body help you Your state of mind is very attuned to the state of your body. You can test this for yourself: sit upright with good posture in your chair, moving your chair closer to your desk if necessary. (Seriously, try it now!) Do you notice how much more attentive it makes you feel? Its much harder to get the same feeling if youre slouched over your desk, even if everything else about the situation is the same. You can use this effect of the body on the mind to your advantage. Taking deep breaths is a classic technique in the same vein for calming nerves. And if you find your nerves are hitting you well in advance of your talk, try pausing now and then to take some deep breaths. It will help to prepare you. David uses a smartwatch app which taps your wrist at random points in the day, tapping out a slow rhythm for you to breathe in time with. (There are lots of apps which do this, including Breathe for Apple Watch, and Paced Breathing for Android.) As well as doing breathing exercises, Lewinsky went for a walk to clear some of her adrenaline. You may find that a stroll, or something even more vigorous like push-ups or star jumps, does the job. As with our tips to stop procrastinating and start writing, nothing is strange if it works for you. 5. Dont be afraid of appearing vulnerable or nervous When you have a fear of presenting, calming your nerves is important. But you dont need to eradicate them or be afraid of showing them. A show of nerves demonstrates that you feel what youre doing matters. This might be counterintuitive – but David asks us to consider the opposite case: Imagine your typical oily presenter of a game show. Hes competent, but hes not someone you really warm to. Compare that with Patti Smith, who recently stumbled through a Bob Dylan song after she had been asked to perform to mark the handing over of his Nobel Prize in Literature. She said, Im sorry, Im so nervous. She got a full round of applause when she stuttered, and some people in the audience cried at her performance. People were on her side. Lewinskys nervousness and vulnerability served the same purpose – at one point in her talk, she had to completely stop and take a moment. It reinforced the fact that the subject really did matter to her. If you cant show you care about your subject, why should anyone else? 6. Preparation, preparation, preparation Preparing your talk beforehand is the single biggest thing you can do to calm your nerves. David is emphatic about this: Nothing beats knowing youve properly prepared and rehearsed. If you dont have an audience to practise to, try rehearsing in front of the mirror. Get comfortable with your presentation. If possible, take the chance – as Lewinsky did – to perform your talk in front of an audience in advance. 7. Remember who is on your side Of course, speaking to an audience can seem like an intimidating prospect, particularly if its a large group. But knowing there is someone in the audience who is on your side, or sympathetic to your message, can be enormously important. David explains: You know there’s someone who is going to say, I think this person has got a really good point there. And even if youve got nobody familiar in the crowd, someone will still be on your side. As Lewinsky put it, when you address an audience, It means someone, somewhere, decided you had something of import to impart to others. Youve got this Lewinksys talk focused on the culture of humiliation – an emotion we have all felt intensely at some point, and which we want to avoid at all costs. But its impact showed the flip side of human nature – her talk got a standing ovation. At TED, as in business, audiences can be sceptical, hard to convince, or even hostile to a certain message, but audiences usually dont want to see a presenter completely fail. So when you next need to give a presentation, remember that you dont need to change your personality overnight to do a great job. Just prepare wisely and thoroughly – and then youll know, as Lewinsky did, that you really have got this. If you enjoyed this article, join over 16,000 professionals who keep up-to-date with the latest business communications advice: hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: '2645537', formId: 'bf5044be-d437-4f55-9e4d-bf1bea361bbe' }); Image credit: Monica Lewinsky receiving a standing ovation at TED, and looking right at Al Gore sitting next to me by Steve Jurvetson used under CC BY 2.0/cropped from original

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 25

Art - Essay Example The latter is evident in the Dago sculpture showing a seated couple in a way to depict unity and posture the fabric of African family structure. In addition, African art brings out the essence of its people’s consciousness of spiritual powers and their essence in the central life of its people. One of the works relaying this aspect encompasses minkisi (for ritualistic purpose), which emanates from Central Africa. Minkisi are mainly ritualistic containers used then to invoke spiritual mediation known to influence human existence. Another ritualistic art is the nowo though its representation is more of an invisible agent in the society thus emphasizing the African notion of believe in spirits. This is similar to Nigerian ijele Mask commonly used in funerals whereby its core role encompassed invoking the deceased person’s spirit such that his or her state easily can transition to that of the neither world nature. This is spiritual agency, which constitutes the African art though expressed or depicted in varied forms like sculpture, consumes, masks, music or through

Writer's choice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Writer's choice - Research Paper Example The word Islam equates to the English word ‘peace’ or ‘submission’. The core of teachings in the Qur’an largely focuses on good manners, worship and promotion of peace. The notions of forgiving others and sustaining healthy relationships with relatives and other members of the society are regarded in the highest esteem. Islam advises the followers to respect the laws of the country and avoid unlawful conduct in matters of daily life (Alavi, 205). Keeping in view the above mentioned teachings of Islam and by knowing that the vast majority of population in the Middle East follows the religion of Islam, one can safely infer that stability in the Middle East is largely due to a better understanding of Islam. As compared to rest of the Muslim world, the ability of Arabic population to better understand the word of Allah (God) makes them able to understand the significance of peace and obedience; the ultimate consequence of which is stability at the regional level. Flexibility is already a feature of sharia. Decisions about the various disputes are decided in accordance to the holistic conditions of both the parties. It is therefore apparent that although Islamic law is very strict about certain crimes, the overall purpose of punitive measures is an improved survival of the society as a whole. It should also be kept in mind that ‘flexibility’ and ‘discrimination’ are two distinct concepts and Islam does not allow discrimination due to flexibility in law

Aircraft Engine Anti-Icing systems Research Paper - 1

Aircraft Engine Anti-Icing systems - Research Paper Example Heavy accumulation of ice may also cause changes in the aircraft’s aerodynamic center thereby misbalancing the plane. Ice can also damage the engine by increasing friction of the fan and clogging its inlets. The most vulnerable of all aircraft components is the fan blade that can get damaged if the frozen ice is not removed. Ice build-up when low thrust is being acted upon the aircraft causes damage to the tips of the blade when the aircraft enters a high thrust region. An attempt to reduce the drag forces acting on the aircraft, by the pilot, may inevitably result in the accumulation of more ice. Due to these reasons, the accumulation of ice on the aircrafts is generally regarded as a threat for the aircraft passengers. The effect of contamination or ice build-up can be life threatening. In many cases, a malfunctioning ice protection system can also cause damage to engine components and fan blades. Ice can build up on the intake ring and get deposited deeper into the engine. This is particularly dangerous as this can increase frictional energy within the energy leading to a reduced amount of thrust and a possible disintegration or downfall. Sometimes, blockage of inlets or formation of ice on compressor blade suspends flow of air into the compressor due to which it may get restrained. Similarly vulnerable are engine probes that are located in the external surface of aircrafts. Errors within flight instruments and detection equipments can result due to ice build-up on probes. Airframe icings are equally menacing for the pilot. Some features and characteristics may make aircraft components more prone to ice accretion. In general, sharp components such as blades, leading edges, fins, antennae, propellers, and aerials, may gather more ice because of their narrowly exposed surface area. In the contrary, flatter components and those that are blunt are less likely to accumulate much ice during the course of the journey (Civil Aviation Authority,

Law Should Be Kept Separate From Morality Law Essay

Law Should Be Kept Separate From Morality Law Essay The statement quoted from the Wolfenden Report suggests that there should remain a line between sin and crime and that the law should not interfere in matters of private morality or immorality keeping it apart from public morality. This is a broad view and clearly, there are some areas in which the law should act as a moral guardian and interference is justifiable. I will outline some of these areas and critically analyse accordingly. However, there also areas that I feel should not be the laws business and where perhaps the criminal laws intervention cannot be justified. I will also look at the apparent blurring of private and public morality. I will also attempt to outline and clarify all these areas, providing the appropriate authorities, academic commentary and other relevant evidence in order to give a balanced view and to be able to draw a succinct informed conclusion. In order to understand the nexus between law and morality we need to establish the differences. Laws are sets of rules or boundaries established by authorities that should be obeyed and are formally enforced by the Police or the Criminal Prosecution Service. Morals on the other hand are beliefs, values or principles that are set by society or certain aspects of society, determining what is right and what is wrong. Morals do not have to be complied with, they are normally informally enforced through social or domestic pressures. Both laws and morals specify what should or should not be done and mark the boundaries between what is acceptable and unacceptable conduct. Having looked at the nature of laws and morals I will look at the historical debate and attempt to expand on whether or not laws and morals are intrinsically linked. Historically, there has been much philosophical debate as to whether in fact there is a connection between law and morality. Positivists  [2]  such as Jeremy Bentham, John Austin and H.L.A. Hart have all argued that there is not necessarily a connection between law and morality; on the other hand natural law  [3]  , thinkers such as St Thomas Aquinas  [4]  have postulated that there is a clear link between law and morality. To further complicate matters R Dworkin puts forward his own approach of interpretivism  [5]  , developed in a number of his works over the last thirty years  [6]  to try and answer the vexed question of law and morality and the nature of law and the relationship to each other. The links between law and morality can be seen in all areas of law. In Tort, for instance , in cases such as Baker v Hopkins  [7]  where two employees of the defendant company were overcome by carbon monoxide fumes in a well they were attempting to decontaminate. The plaintiff, a doctor, attempted to rescue them even though he was warned of the fumes. It could be said that he felt morally responsible . Unfortunately, all the three men died. The defendant company argued that the plaintiff doctor should either not be compensated because the doctor knowingly accepted the risk he was taking or his damages would be reduced for contributory negligence. The Court of Appeal considered that the suggestion was ungracious and that it was unseemly and irrational to say that a rescuer freely takes on the risks inherent in a rescue attempt. This would appear to be a seemingly moralistic judgement by their Lordships. Similarly, in property cases such as the High Trees Case  [8]  where Lord Denning used the equitable principle of promissory estoppel to prevent the recovery of rent or preventing what he saw as a moral wrong. These could all be seen as instances of the courts making judgements on what is morally right and wrong. In fact, in the case of Knuller v DPP  [9]  concerning a magazine containing advertisements, by homosexuals in order to procure sex, the courts were able to dictate public morality, recognising the offenc e of conspiracy to corrupt public morals established in Shaws Case  [10]  . It is the criminal law that provides us with sufficient evidence to conclude that there is indeed a link between law and morality. The Wolfenden Report itself, actually concerned the role of the law in matters of sexual morality and determining what conduct should be classed as criminal. Unfortunately, the result was not definitive as two diverging views emerged, firstly, that of Lord Devlin who concluded that the legislature was entitled to outlaw behaviour that was generally condemned as immoral on the grounds that such conduct may be likened to treason threatening the continued existence of social cohesion  [11]   and secondly, the view of Hart that immorality alone was not sufficient: law should not be used for prohibiting harm suffered by a person who is offended simply by knowing about other peoples conduct  [12]  . These opposing viewpoints probably accounted for the fact that the part of the Wolfenden Report concerning the decriminalisation of homosexuality was not implemented until the Sexual Offences Act of  1967 (following a motion by Lord Arran in the House of Lords favouring the implementation of the Wolfenden Report and a Sexual Offences Bill sponsored by Leo Abse) which eventually resulted in male homosexuality between consenting adults above the age of twenty-one being decriminalised. Another reason for the delay could be that public opinion and society in general before that time, felt that homosexuality was immoral and the law chose to reflect this, condemning homosexuality as a criminal offence. However, with the more liberated 1960s where there was a seeming relaxation of public and private morality and homosexuality could no longer be seen as immoral, the criminal law acceded to public opinion, leading to the eventual decriminalisation of homosexuality. However, the Wolfenden approach differed when contemplating the matter of prostitution. The committee readily accepted that prostitution was immoral but indicated that it was a matter of private morality, except when it creates a public nuisance. Therefore, the sale of sex was determined not to be an offence but kerb crawling was. This differing approach resulted in the report forming the basis of the Street Offences Act of 1959, an almost immediate response to the Wolfenden report. It seems then, that the criminal law should only intervene where the legislature considers there to be a public nuisance or is harmful to society or as John Stuart Mills stated That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others.  [13]   Unfortunately, there are too many unanswered questions. Can we readily say that if something is immoral it is justifiably unlawful? Can we as a society distinguish between one persons perception of a lawful and moral activity and those that are immoral or unlawful and should the law really interfere in matters of private morality? If a person consents to something, would that not be a matter of private morality? The matter of consent and private morality is interesting. Here, criminal law has its vagaries, particularly in non-fatal offences against the person which include actual body harm, grievous bodily harm or wounding. Criminal law will not allow the consent of the victim to be available as a defence, especially if it considers the act to be unlawful. Only if the injury was a result of a lawful activity  [14]   will the defence of consent be available. This does not sit easily with the premise of the law not to interfere in matters of private morality. This has been exemplified in the case of Brown  [15]  . The criminal law deemed homosexual sado masochism as an unlawful activity and the court considered that activities in private between consenting homosexuals involving the infliction of actual bodily harm should constitute offences  [16]  . It seems then that the decision in this case was based on public morality rather than criminality, surely here consent would be a ques tion of private morality and not the laws business, indeed in Brown, Lord Mustill in dissenting, re-iterated that The issue was not whether the appellants conduct was morally right but whether it was properly charged under the 1861 Act. The standards by which questions of private morality fell to be judged were not those of criminal law. The case of Brown can be contrasted with R v Wilson  [17]  where the defendant, with the consent of his wife, branded her buttocks with the initials W and A with a hot knife. The scars led him to being charged with assaulting his wife contrary to section 47 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861. He was convicted by a Jury. However, the Court of Appeal held that the defendants conduct amounted to tattooing and that it was not in the public interest to impose a criminal sanction; The initial outcome still shows that the public and their moral judgement still has an influence in criminal law.   It appears then, that generally, the courts are keen to exercise its morality muscle in defence of a perceived public morality. Interfering in what are essentially private morality matters in order to stamp a moral dictum on society in general, however, is not necessarily in the best interest of society as a whole and issues of private morality are thorny issues. There are of course other areas of criminal law where the judiciary has, albeit slowly, intervened in matters of private morality, for the betterment of society, for example in the area of marital rape. Rape itself was enacted as statutory crime in the Offences Against the Person Act  1861. The Act indicated that it is a felony for a man to rape a woman and left the judiciary to establish the elements of the offence and to develop the factors that might allow consent. Its statutory successor, s 1 of the Sexual Offences Act  1956, failed to provide a more substantive definition. It was not until  1976  that s 1(1) of the Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act defined rape as unlawful sexual intercourse with a woman who at the time of the intercourse does not consent to it. However, there still appeared to be a presumption albeit rebuttable, that a married man could have sex with his wife regardless of consent. Morally, this appears to be reprehensible and surely the law should have c larified the position. However, it was not until the case of R v R  [18]  that the offence of rape was recognised if it was perpetrated by the husband, clearly an example of the law enforcing a specific moral value on society in an appropriate sphere. A further example of the entanglement of law and morality can be seen in the different approaches by Judges in cases where their own moral values or viewpoints have possibly affected judgements. Often the courts will find themselves dealing with difficult moral decisions involving life and death and often have to decide between individual rights and moral codes. This moralistic approach can be seen in various cases involving euthanasia, considered by the majority of society as both morally and legally wrong. In the case of Dianne Pretty  [19]  (a case decided by the House of Lords), for example, Mrs Pretty suffered from motor neurone disease, a progressive degenerative illness from which she had no hope of recovery. She only had a short time to live and faced the prospect of a humiliating and distressing death. She was mentally alert and wanted to bring her life to an end. Unfortunately, because of her physical incapacity she would have needed assistance. Her husband wanted to he lp, but only if he would not be prosecuted under section 2(1) of the Suicide Act 1961 for aiding and abetting her suicide. She sought confirmation through the courts that ultimately refused her appeal. Contrast this with the case of Re B  [20]  . Ms B was a tetraplegic and suffered complete paralysis from the neck down. She was, however, able to move her head and speak. She gave instructions to the hospital through her solicitors that she wanted the artificial ventilation removed. The hospital refused to stop treatment. Ms B took the hospital to court, was successful and was allowed to die. Here the courts appear to take the stance that voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide is morally reprehensible but the request to withdraw treatment, resulting in, what is in effect, voluntary suicide or passive euthanasia was not a clear example of the complex moral and legal dilemmas faced by the courts. Further evidence of this dilemma between law and morality can be seen in the conjoined twin case  [21]  . Jodie and Mary were conjoined twins and their parents were devout Roman Catholics. Mary was the weaker twin and had she been born on her own she would not have survived. She was in fact, being kept alive by virtue of Jodies own circulatory system. Jodie was considered to be capable of surviving a separation procedure, Mary however was not. If there was no separation both would have died. The medical team wanted to separate them knowing Mary would die as a result. The twins parents would not sanction the operation. The medical team sought a ruling from the High Court, that an operation to separate the twins would not be murder. Their Lordships applied the defence of necessity but restricted the applicability of this defence (for the purposes of public policy) to the unique circumstances of the case. However, despite LJ Wards comment that this is a court of law, not of morals when the judgements are examined, it is clear that their Lordships have actually used moral concepts and language in reaching their decision, a true dichotomy. In conclusion, it is clear from the information provided that there are identifiable links between the law in general and criminal law in particular and morality. However, whether it is justifiable for the legal system in England and Wales to utilise the criminal law in the enforcement of specific moral values in society is debatable. Clearly, as we have seen, there are areas where it is justifiable in rape for example but where it is not so clear is whether it can be justified in those greyer areas such as private morality issues or cases of euthanasia. I believe that religion (which is the subject of other scholarly and academic debate) , morals and the law are all intrinsically linked and that in order to create a balanced modern society there must be some fluidity. One mans morality is different from another and the law must try to bridge the gap for the public good. Sometimes the law is rather slow in reacting to public opinion or changes in morality within society, but ultimately, it is the legislature that creates the laws and the job of the courts is only to apply the meaning of that legislation not to query its validity or to enforce moral limitations on parliament, or by implication, enforce those moral limitations on society.

Necessary Sacrifice in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson Essay -- The Lot

When Shirley Jackson first published her short story â€Å"The Lottery,† it caused a great deal of controversy. It warranted high critical acclaim, but it also brought threats to Jackson’s life. The public was outraged that she would write such a violent story, which ended with the unmerciful killing of an innocent woman. The violence in response to the story ironically reflects the violence within, and reveals a darker, yet necessary, part of the human psyche. The characters in â€Å"The Lottery† require the violent ritual to live peaceful and happy lives. The violent tradition is beneficial to the town’s people because it supports a healthy group psychology, is a conditioned behavioral norm for every generation, ensures the majority’s well-being, and is integrated into their religious belief. The town’s collective mental state is kept in balance by holding a lottery each year. Human beings are capable of great things, but interlaced with the possibility for greatness is a capacity for destruction. David Livingston Smith, a professor of philosophy and the director of the Institute for Cognitive Science and Evolutionary Psychology at the University of New England, discusses man’s history in his book The Most Dangerous Animal: Human Nature and the Origins of War. He admits, â€Å"[Human beings’] noble achievements are only half the picture. They exist side by side with an array of less appealing characteristics,† (41). Violence and cruelty amongst the species is part of our most basic human nature and has proved to be unavoidable throughout history. A prime example of the capabilities of man against itself is the Holocaust, which has been theorized to be the symbolized subject of Jackson’s story. However, â€Å"The Lottery† shows a healthy, structu... ...eration, the majority’s welfare, and an adopted religious belief. Works Cited Cooley, Charles Horton. Human Nature and the Social Order. New York: Schocken Books, 1964. Print. Hoffman, Louis, John L. Hoffman, Joy L. S. Hoffman, and Heatherlyn P. Cleare-Hoffman. "Culture, Religion, and Spirituality: How Spirituality Saved Religion." The Healing Power of Spirituality: How Faith Helps Humans Thrive. Santa Barbara (Calif.): ABC-Clio, 2010. Print. Smith, David Livingstone. The Most Dangerous Animal: Human Nature and the Origins of War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2007. Print. Smith, Joanne R., Michael A. Hogg, Robin Martin, Deborah J. Terry. "Uncertainty And The Influence Of Group Norms In The Attitude-Behaviour Relationship." British Journal Of Social Psychology 46.4 (2007): 769-792. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection. Web. 12 Apr. 2012. Necessary Sacrifice in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson Essay -- The Lot When Shirley Jackson first published her short story â€Å"The Lottery,† it caused a great deal of controversy. It warranted high critical acclaim, but it also brought threats to Jackson’s life. The public was outraged that she would write such a violent story, which ended with the unmerciful killing of an innocent woman. The violence in response to the story ironically reflects the violence within, and reveals a darker, yet necessary, part of the human psyche. The characters in â€Å"The Lottery† require the violent ritual to live peaceful and happy lives. The violent tradition is beneficial to the town’s people because it supports a healthy group psychology, is a conditioned behavioral norm for every generation, ensures the majority’s well-being, and is integrated into their religious belief. The town’s collective mental state is kept in balance by holding a lottery each year. Human beings are capable of great things, but interlaced with the possibility for greatness is a capacity for destruction. David Livingston Smith, a professor of philosophy and the director of the Institute for Cognitive Science and Evolutionary Psychology at the University of New England, discusses man’s history in his book The Most Dangerous Animal: Human Nature and the Origins of War. He admits, â€Å"[Human beings’] noble achievements are only half the picture. They exist side by side with an array of less appealing characteristics,† (41). Violence and cruelty amongst the species is part of our most basic human nature and has proved to be unavoidable throughout history. A prime example of the capabilities of man against itself is the Holocaust, which has been theorized to be the symbolized subject of Jackson’s story. However, â€Å"The Lottery† shows a healthy, structu... ...eration, the majority’s welfare, and an adopted religious belief. Works Cited Cooley, Charles Horton. Human Nature and the Social Order. New York: Schocken Books, 1964. Print. Hoffman, Louis, John L. Hoffman, Joy L. S. Hoffman, and Heatherlyn P. Cleare-Hoffman. "Culture, Religion, and Spirituality: How Spirituality Saved Religion." The Healing Power of Spirituality: How Faith Helps Humans Thrive. Santa Barbara (Calif.): ABC-Clio, 2010. Print. Smith, David Livingstone. The Most Dangerous Animal: Human Nature and the Origins of War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2007. Print. Smith, Joanne R., Michael A. Hogg, Robin Martin, Deborah J. Terry. "Uncertainty And The Influence Of Group Norms In The Attitude-Behaviour Relationship." British Journal Of Social Psychology 46.4 (2007): 769-792. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection. Web. 12 Apr. 2012.